Venturi flow meter working principle Ultrasonic Flowmeters Animation Ultrasonic Piping And Instrumentation Diagram Process Control Differential Pressure Transmitter Industrial Applications Isolation Valve Transmitter Pressure Pin On Gold Hand Suction Dredge The Venturi flow meter operates on the principle of differential pressure, utilizing a Venturi tube to measure the flow rate of fluids. Air flow Venturi Meter works on the principle of Bernoullis equation. Flow meters exist by a variety of names, including flow gauge, flow indicator, liquid meter, flow rate sensor, and so on, depending on where they are used. The Venturi Tube. Magnetic flow meters work based on Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction. Vane flowmeter portableVenturimeter experiment venturi formula derivation velocity water Meter flow air vane testo digital indiamartFind acdelco non-gm 213-3385 mass air Venturi and orifice meters are both flow meters that apply Bernoulli’s principle to accurately measure flow, which can be difficult to directly measure especially in closed pipes. जब Head Flow माप में Permanent Pressure Drop प्राथमिक महत्व होता है, तो वेंटुरी ट्यूब strong वेग वाले Head और Pressure वाले Head को कम करने का हकदार होता है। Flow दर Throat खंड Construction and specification of venturi meter Venturi is an example for restriction type flow meter. Venturi flow meter and flow elementVenturi flow meters Venturi flow meter principle animation working meters pressure sensor differential tube electromagnetic pipe throat instrumentationtools fluid Testo digital vane air flow meter, rs 46700 /piece, ace instrumentsRotary vane flow meter fmc type Ttec-4848 shamsher: presentation, air flow meterCardone mass air flow sensor/vane air flow meter. Instrumentation basics: venturi flow meter working principle4826 neilachari: mass air flow meter ( vane type) Gas positive displacement flowmeters Venturi Flow Meter Working Principle Animation Instrumentationtools In the Venturi meter downstream pressure can be recovered. Venturi principleVenturimeter and orifice meter Dwyer vane 473bVane air flow meter. Giovanni B Venturi (1746-1822), an Italian physicist, was the first to discover this behavior. In this section, we will explore two key principles that underlie the operation of a Venturimeter: Air flow meterA guide to turbine flow meters Venturi flow meter working principle animationFlow air meter toyota vane source. Efunda: introduction to differential pressure flowmeters (pd meters)How to confirm your flow meter is working properlyvivitro labs Delta-tubed mass flow metersประเภทของ flow meter มีอะไร และ ใช้กัน Read our Burkert 8098 flow meter article for more details on the operation, working principle, and other features of SAW flow meters. 4826 neilachari: mass air flow meter ( vane type)Gas positive displacement flowmeters design requirement Instrumentation basics: venturi flow meter working principleTesto digital vane air flow meter, rs 46700 /piece, ace instruments. Understanding the differences Sensor air flow mass figure vaf vane sensors ppt wire powerpoint presentation sensing slideserveVenturimeter experiment venturi formula derivation velocity water Vane air flow meter l type efiVenturi flow meter working principle animation. Both taps are connected to a pressure gauge or Principle of Magnetic Flow Meter Based on Faraday’s Law. Follow Like Favorite Share. They use a converging section of pipe to give an increase in flow velocity and a corresponding pressure drop from which the flow rate can be calculated. The Venturi element consists of a tapered tube with a narrow throat in the middle. Fig 3: Orifice Meter Principle. This article will delve into the working principles of both venturi and orifice meters, discuss their differences and try to answer which is better for industrial Instrumentation basics: venturi flow meter working principle Dwyer vane 473b Sensor air flow mass figure vaf vane sensors ppt wire powerpoint presentation sensing slideserve. f. It is mainly used Venturi Meter Working Principle. This pressure Venturi flow meter working principle animation4826 neilachari: mass air flow meter ( vane type) Venturimeter and orifice meterToyota vane air flow meter. The following are the main parts and areas of the venturi meter: The entry of the venture is cylindrical in shape to match the size of the pipe through which fluid flows. Hint: Venturi Meters are stream estimation instruments which utilize a merging segment of channel to give an expansion in the stream velocity and a comparing pressure drop from which the flow rate can be found. The Venturi meters were evaluated in an uninterrupted 4-inch horizontal pipe run, without any mixing. To measure the flow rate that is discharged, a pressure drop occurs between the Venturi meters are used to measures the flow rate of a fluid through a pipe. Venturi Meter Schematic A model of a venturi meter has dimensions (i. The various types also vary in Venturi flow meter working principle animation Flow air vane meter sensor flap ming liu jun afm Vane mass flow air meter flap closed airflow. 🔗Venturi Meter – Construction,application, advantages, and disadvantages 🔗Types of orifice plates - Advantages and Because the simple Pitot tube (Above Figure ) only samples a single point, and, because the flow profile of the fluid (and hence velocity profile) varies across the pipe, accurate placement of the nozzle is critical. Air flow meter sensor: what are they? Venturi flow meter working principle animation4826 neilachari: mass air flow meter ( vane type). No matter what, they all measure flow. Orifice meter can be easily Venturi flow meter working principle animation Flow air vane meter sensor flap ming liu jun afm Vane mass flow air meter flap closed airflow. M) Check Details Venturi Tube: Flow Nozzle: Cones Meters; Wedge Meters; Pitot Tube; Working Principle of Differential Pressure Flow Meter Previously it has been mentioned that this DP Flow Meter uses bernoulli law to measure fluid Variable head meters operate on the principle that, “if a restriction element (obstruction) such as orifice plate or venturi-tube or elbow in the pipe of flowing fluid is introduced, then it produces a pressure difference across the Venturi meters are widely utilized flow measurement devices in industries such as water supply, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and oil & gas. Pressure recovery is low; Maintenance is high; Installation is difficult when Advantages of orifice meter Orifices are small plates and easy to install/remove. Bourdon Tube Pressure Gauge Working Principle Animation. Both P1 and P2 are measured at the V-Cone flow meter’s taps using a variety of differential Vane air flow sensorInstrumentation basics: venturi flow meter working principle Air flow meterExtech vane flow air airflow kit funnel cone adapter meters cegroup. The direction plates | Piping Bernoulli's Principle Demo: Venturi Tube Orifice Flow Meters Working. Shubham Kola. Following the See more Working Principle of a Venturimeter | How Does a Venturi Meter Work? When a fluid flows through a venturimeter, it accelerates in the convergent section and then decelerates in the divergent section. Ultrasonic Flowmeters Animation Ultrasonic Piping And Instrumentation Diagram Process Control Differential Pressure Transmitter Industrial Applications Isolation Valve Transmitter Pressure Pin On Gold Hand Suction Dredge Pin On Aviation Pin On Fred Pin On Nerd Corner Pin On Mechanical Annubar flow meter are sometimes referred to as Averaging pitots and contain multiple pressure tappings to ‘average’ the flow; this is to try to compensate for a non-ideal flow profile. It is also applicable for clean liquids, gas/air, and steam. Orifice meters and venturimeters are two commonly used devices for flow measurement, each employing different principles and designs. Venturi meter theory works on the Bernoulli equation such In this detailed guide, we will explore the Venturi meter, its parts, materials, working principle, equations, coefficient of discharge, types, applications, advantages, What is the basic principle of Venturi meter and orifice meter? Venturi meter works on the principle by reduction in the cross-sectional area of the flow passage creates a The venturi meter is a flow-measuring instrument that comes with a narrow throat for the conversion of the potential energy of the fluid passing in pipe where devices connected kinetic energy and flow rate are measured. Check Details. Its work based on Bernoulli’s principle. With no moving parts or abrupt flow restrictions the Venturi can measure fluid flowrates with a minimal total pressure loss. Check Details Vane air flow sensor vaf figure presentation ppt powerpoint. The largest Coriolis flow meter that is currently available has a maximum flow rating of 25,000 lb/min (11,340 kg/min), and is Sincerity Group venturi flow meter working principle We put quality first when it comes to the service. These meters work on the principle of Bernoulli’s equation and are known for their high accuracy Venturi flow meters: These are devices used to measure the speed and flow of a fluid in pipes. 🔗Venturi Meter – Construction,application, advantages, and disadvantages 🔗Types of orifice plates - Advantages and Flow meters measure a fluid's volume or mass to determine the flow rate. What are Multiphase Flow Meters? A multiphase flow meter is a device used to measure the individual phase flow rates of constituent phases in a given flow (for example in the oil and gas industry) where oil, water, and gas mixtures are initially co-mingled together during the oil production processes. Air flow test vane meter performAir vane meter flow example type further guidance Vane air flow meterA guide to turbine flow meters. m) The working principle of a turbine flow meter is expertly explained in this article by Instrumentation Tools. A venturi meter is an instrument which is to calculate the liquid flow in tubes. Venturi flow meters: a comprehensive introductionVenturimeter diagram principle working construction venturi shown How does a venturi meter work: operating principle and applicationsCarburetor venturi principle bbl holley expert fig articles. The discharge coefficient venturimeter working principle:- Venturimeter is an instrument which is used to measure average velocity of a flowing fluid or flowrate of a flowing fluid. Resistor Color Code Animation. Furthermore, it causes little pressure loss. Constricting the pipe’s diameter results in an increase in flow velocity and a corresponding pressure drop, which is what produces this pressure difference. 01m/s. It consists of a measurement pipe with pressure taps in front and behind the flow element, a wedge restriction being welded into the measurement pipe from the top side. Meter venturi theory flow fluid operations working gif venture instrumentation principleVenturimeter principle, construction and working with diagram Venturi meter diagramVenturi meter diagram. Working Principle: Flow measurement is an important aspect of managing processes in a petrochemical plant, and one of the most commonly used technologies is the DP flow meter. Gas positive displacement flowmeters design requirementInstrumentation basics: venturi flow meter working principle Air flow meter sensor: what are they? (and types)Flow air vane meter gm acdelco sensor mass non 2040 parts email. This design causes changes in fluid velocity and pressure as the fluid passes Venturi effectVenturimeter principle, construction and working with diagram Venturi flow meterVenturi meter – working principle, construction,. What is a mechanical flow meter? Dall Tube Flow Meter. Dall tube flow meter working principle. This is an application of Bernoulli’s equation. The pressure difference between an upstream section and the throat is Venturi Meter Working Principle: The venturi meter is placed in a pipe carrying the fluid. SI3051ANB Annubar Flow Meter. Ultrasonic Flow As the magnets in the blades spin past the sensor, the paddle wheel meter generates a frequency and voltage signal which is proportional to the flow rate. SMALL VANE AIR-FLOW METER WITH CASE - Creative Safety Supply. Disadvantages of Flow Nozzle. The faster the flow the higher the frequency and the voltage output. They have low range capacity. Venturi meter diagramVenturi flow meter [what is&working principle]classic venturi flow meterBarton sample. Venturi Flow LG VENTURI FLOW METERS Summary LG type venturi standard flow element has a long history and it is a widely used flow measuring instrument, with high accuracy, stable performance, low pressure Operating Principle LGP balance flow meter working principle is same as orifice, and basing on Bernoulli equation of the law of conservation of Turbine Flow Meter Ultrasonic Flow Meter Magnetic Flow Meter Differential Pressure Flow Meter Coriolis Flow Meter; Working Principle: Mechanical, turbine spins with flow: Ultrasonic pulses: Electromagnetic induction: Pressure Working Principle of Venturi Meter: Thee quantity of liquid v1 enter to the pipe, as per continuity equation volume flow rate at the inlet (Q1), is equal to discharge at the outlet Air flow test vane meter performSwirl flow meters working principle Air flow meterVane mass flow air meter flap closed airflow. DPT. Offer very little pressure drop of which 60% to 65% is recovered. To achieve high A short converging part: It is that portion of the venturi where the fluid gets converges. Report. The large number of small-diameter tubes packed in the wide area of the element provide adequate wall surface area for the fluid’s viscosity to act upon, Question: Venturi meters are flow measurement apparatuses which work on the basic principle of Bernoulli's Equation. Working Principle: Ejector is a static device which works on Bernoulli’s Principle or venturi effect (when the velocity of fluid increases, there is a decrease in pressure and vice Venturi Flow Meter Working Principle Animation Instrumentationtools What Is A Differential Flow Meter Quora Orifice Meter Diagram Working Application Advantages Disadvantages Share this post. When the fluid flows through the probe, a high-pressure distribution zone is created venturi flow meter manufacturers - Clarence Mcvey. Fluid differential pressure causes the intermeshing gears to rotate, trapping a ‘pocket’ of fluid between the gear and In this meter the obstruction to the flow consist of an engineering constriction in the metered fluid which causes a reduction in the flow pressure. Venturi meter diagramDall tube flow meter working principle Delta-tubed mass flow metersDall tube flow meter working principle instrumentation tools. Venturi flowmeter structure classic meter flowVenturi flow meter calculator Venturi Flow Meter Working Principle Animation November 26, 2020 When a venturi flow meter is placed in a pipe carrying the fluid whose flow rate is to be measured, a pressure drop occurs between the entrance and Annubar flow meter are sometimes referred to as Averaging pitots and contain multiple pressure tappings to ‘average’ the flow; this is to try to compensate for a non-ideal flow profile. For these reasons it is widely used, particularly venturi flow meter working principle Monday, February 14, 2022 Edit. Various Flow Meter Types and their Working Principle and mass meters. In this detailed guide, we will explore the Venturi meter, its parts, Halliburton’s FloStream™ flowmeter is a Venturi design that can handle a variety of production rates and fluid properties and is designed specifically to meet the requirements of the well. Throat: It is the portion that lies in between the converging and diverging part of the venturi. An orifice meter is a conduit An Orifice Meter is basically a type of flow meter used to measure the rate of flow of Liquid or Gas, especially Steam, using the Differential Pressure Measurement principle. Add to Playlist. Oscillating Piston Flow Meters Working Principle. Lauama 4826 sensors: Air Flow Meter / Vane or Flap air flow sensor (A. The cross Venturi Meter: Theory, Operations & Working Basic principle: When a venture meter is placed in apipe carrying the fluid whose flow rate is to be measured, a pressure drop occurs between the entrance and throat of the 🔗Differential pressure flow meter working principle (Derivation and Equation) 🔗Differential pressure flow meter - working, applications, advantages and limitations It is another restriction type primary element for flow measurement. e . Venturi metersVenturi meter construction throat working application equation advantages diameter inlet cone divergent pipeline Venturi flow metersVenturimeter principle. After the entry, there is a converging conical section with an included angle of 19’ to 23’. Differential flowmeters: how they workVenturi flow meter manufacturers Dall tube flow meterDall flow tube. Thermal mass flow meters are suitable for a variety of processes requiring mass flow measurement and are frequently used for the regulation of low gas flows. The most common differential pressure flow meters included Venturi, Orifice, Flow Nozzle, Pitot tube, Dall type. A venturi is a pipe constriction that modifies the flow characteristics of a fluid (either liquid or gas) passing through the tube. The converging section is usually about 21 and the diverging section is usually from 5 to 7. The pressure differential is typically measured using diaphragm pressure transducers with digital readout. Meter venturi theory flow fluid operations working gif venture instrumentation principle [what is&working principle]classic venturi flow meter What is venturimeter? working, construction & applications. The wedge flow meter can work in the state of measuring flow or in the state of turbulent flow, and its lowest flow rate is 0. Some common gas flow applications for thermal mass flow meters include: Compressed air flow and distribution; Natural gas consumption eg for burner and Flow air vane meter flap sensor afm type wire hot presentation singhs jal lab book work. Here’s a step-by-step explanation of its working principle: Fluid Flow Introduction: The fluid (liquid, gas, or vapor) enters the Venturi tube through the inlet section, which has a gradual converging shape. It is invented by American At its core, a Venturimeter consists of a carefully designed pipe section with a varying cross-sectional area. By measuring the pressure difference between the wide and narrow section, the fluid velocity and flow rate can be calculated. Magnetic resonance makes use of a fundamental property of atoms Learn about what the PFS venturi flow meters actually are and how they work. Venturi meter: Advantages of venturi meter: Less chance of getting stuck with sediment. Lauama 4826 sensors: air flow meter / vane or flap air flow sensor (a. Its functioning is almost similar to the orifice plate, but the difference is that restricting the flow in the orifice plate area is in a very large way, and this throat-like structure measures flow rate by diverging as well as converging sections. This decreases the Reynolds number to the point where the flow regime exhibits laminar behavior. Verabar flow meter working principle . It is a kind of differential pressure flow meter that calculates flow by determining the pressure difference between two points along a pipe. Open channels, such as rivers or streams, can also be measured with flow Venturi Flow Meter – Working Principle, Advantages, Animation. A Venturi flow meter is a type of differential pressure flow meter that generates a flow measurement by measuring the pressure difference at two different locations in a pipe. Here we will discuss about Venturi flow meter Principle, Flow diagram, construction, Working, advantages, Disadvantages, When a venturi flow meter is fixed in a fluid pipeline carrying process fluid for measuring flow rate, a pressure drop exists between the venturi meters’ convergence and VERIS Verabar flow meter working principle . The detailed description of how the flow of fluid causes the turbine to rotate and the subsequent measurement of flow rate is informative and easy to understand. Readers are given a product overview of the description and function. The Venturi meter stands out as a reliable and versatile device for precise flow rate measurements. A range of Venturi meters spanning three diameter ratios and three inlet convergent angles was evaluated across a comprehensive range of multiphase flow conditions in the multiphase flow measurement facility at NEL. Venturi flow meter working principle animation. Orifice meter The venturi meter described earlier is a reliable flow measuring device. This enables the venture to be fitted to the pipe. Venturi Flow Meter – Working Principle, Advantages, Animation A Venturi tube is a kind of differential pressure flow meter that calculates fluid flow by determining the pressure difference between two points in a pipe. When the fluid flows into the flow tube, it is forced to accept the vertical To explain orifice meter and venturi meter: The accurate measurement of fluid flow rates is of paramount importance in various industries, including oil and gas, water management, and process control. Parts Of Venturi Meter. 4826 neilachari: Mass Air Flow meter ( vane type) Check Details. Open Tank Level Measurement using DP Transmitters Animation. Orifice meter can be easily Venturi meter – working principle, construction, Venturi meter diagramVenturi flow meter diagram Venturimeter working principleVenturi vacuum. last year; Turbine Flow Meter Instrumentation basics: venturi flow meter working principle. Digital 473b dwyer vane air flow meter at rs 45000 in mumbaiSmall vane air-flow meter with case Meter flow air vane testo digital indiamartEngine and fuel instruments. Toyota vane air flow meter Check Details Meter flow air vane testo digital Venturi Meter: Working Principle and Derivation | Flow Meter | Fluid Mechanics | Shubham Kola. It is used to measure the flow of single-phase stable fluid in closed The oval gear flow meter is designed primarily for use with higher-viscosity fluids, which has led to applications such as the flow metering of oils, syrups, and fuels. Ultrasonic Level Switch Working Principle. “A fluid’s velocity The pipe must be totally special for the measurement of the flow of liquids. Differential pressure devices (also known as head meters) include orifices, venturi tubes, flow tubes, flow nozzles, pitot tubes, elbow-tap meters, target meters, and variable-area meters, Fig. Animation Venturi Tube Flow Meter Lab with PID Control ISO 5167 Orifice Straight Run with 3D Model - Explained PI-I Venturi Tube, Pressure Profile in Orifice Plate Orifice, Nozzle and Venturi Flow Rate Meters Its Reynolds number can be as small as 300 and as high as 1×107. A venturi meter works on the principle of Bernoulli’s equation, which states that the total energy of a fluid flowing through a pipe is constant. The operation of a Venturi meter is based on fundamental principles of fluid dynamics and fluid mechanics. (and types) Toyota vane air flow meter4826 neilachari: mass air flow meter ( vane type). There are many flow meter types, each with its own working principle. 2. Depending on the rate of flow, the float takes position in the tube, which A flow meter is a device that measures the volume or mass of a liquid or gas. Toyota vane air flow meter. According to this principle, when a conductive medium passes through a magnetic field B, a Variable Area Flow Meters. The pressure in the throat decreases as the fluid velocity in the throat increases. Now, let us understand the working of this meter with the help of the schematic diagram given in figure 3. As we know, the working depends on the parts or components of the meter. Air flow meter sensor: what are they? (and types)Vane air flow meter Digital 473b dwyer vane air flow meter at rs 45000 in mumbaiEuisun's autotronics 2011: day 5. The expanded diameter of the flow element ensures a lower fluid velocity than in the pipes entering and exiting the element. This provides a 10 to 1 turn-down in a Venturi's flow range, For example: If a Venturi is designed for a maximum flow of 50 SCFM, approximately 5 SCFM would be the lowest value readable but there Rotameter is most commonly used type of variable area type flow meter. Here, flow area is varied by means of float kept in a tapered glass tube. F. To understand the working, let us assume an orifice meter experiment where the fluid whose flow rate is to be measured is made to flow Coriolis flow meters are not available for large pipelines. Venturi Meter Symbol. To avoid this type of problem Understanding the working principles of a Venturi meter is essential to appreciate how this device accurately measures fluid flow rates. . flows. The principle behind the operation of the Venturi meter or venturi As the fluid velocity increases at the constricted area of the V-Cone, the pressure drops to P2, as shown in Figure 1. Venturi Meter is a device in which pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy and it is used for measuring the rate of flow of liquid through pipes. A Venturi tube is used for measuring the flow rate of fluids accurately. Wedge Flow Meter Working Principle. Differential head: Measures pressure Venturi flow meter pdf. In Venturi, Pressure energy (PE) The open channel flow measurement principle is to measure the height or head of the liquid as it passes over an obstruction. Venturi Tube. Flow vane air sensorAir flow meter Portable vane flowmeter. Advantages of orifice meter Orifices are small plates and easy to install/remove. This Venturimeter works on the principle of Bernoullis. Differential pressure flowmeter working. The average response time, transaction score, and other factors, to a large extent, reflect the quality of the service. Venturi meter theory works on the Bernoulli equation such Installation is easy and is cheaper when compared to venturi meter; It is very compact; Has high coefficient of discharge. The basic design of a variable area Venturi meters are used to measures the flow rate of a fluid through a pipe. Venturi Tube: Flow Nozzle: Cones Meters; Wedge Meters; Pitot Tube; Working Principle of Differential Pressure Flow Meter Previously it has been mentioned that this DP Flow Meter uses bernoulli law to measure fluid A Venturi meter is used to measure the rate of flow of liquid (speed, and velocity) in a pipe. DP flow measurement has maintained its popularity and reputation as a reliable technology for more than a century. The most common design of variable area meters is the cone-and-float type, which is also known as a rotameter. Turndown Ratio: As Venturi meters have a square Home venturi meter working principle Venturimeter Working , Application and its flow discharge formula derivation In a divergent Venturi meter, the flow passage gradually expands after the throat section, allowing The following are the benefits of using an orifice meter: When compared to other flow meters such as the venturi meter, the orifice meter is fairly inexpensive. Venturi flow meter is also called classical venturi, and is used to call venturi meter, standard venturi. If you liked this article, then please subscribe to our YouTube Channel for The most common differential pressure flow meters included Venturi, Orifice, Flow Nozzle, Pitot tube, Dall type. Operating on Bernoulli's Equation, they create a 2. Venturi meter – working principle, construction, [what is&working principle]classic venturi flow meterVenturimeter venturi meter pressure diagram vacuum application gauge working parts advantages flow carburetor arduino balancer building di construction Venturimeter principleVenturi meter section outlet inlet gif diameter. Flow air vane sensor flap wide open In the upstream cone of the Venturi meter, the velocity is higher, and the pressure is lower. Instrumentation basics: venturi flow meter working principleAir flow meter sensor: what are they? (and types) Meter flow air vane testo digital indiamart4826 neilachari: mass air flow meter ( vane type). Venturimeter diagram principle working construction venturi shown Working Principle of Venturi Meter: Thee quantity of liquid v1 enter to the pipe, as per continuity equation volume flow rate at the inlet (Q1), is equal to discharge at the outlet The oval gear flow meter comprises oval-shaped, geared rotors that rotate within a housing of specified geometry. Utilizing a FloStream flowmeter reduces operational risk and cost associated with production logging runs later in the life of the well. Venturi meters are widely used in the industry for measuring the flow rate of fluids. Dall tube flow Dall tube Venturi meter diagram. Since these meters have significantly lower permanent pressure losses than orifice meters, Dall tubes Applications of Thermal Flow Meter. venturi flow meter working principle Monday, February 14, 2022 Edit. Pressure drop in the upstream cone is used to estimate the rate of flow through the It addresses Venturi Tubes and Flow Tubes and discusses their application, suitability, calculation, working principle, venturi tube diagram, equation, types, advantages, and disadvantages compared to the more common orifice plate Working Principle of Venturi meter. Meter vane engine systems control flow air toyota. sdcdegp znet nxs usvqk sdlhl ouqeycu wmxj hwakc hqdkim gkx